NC technology - G codes

M codes and G codes are defined as a code telling machine what type of action to perform. The G codes specifically points toward controlling movement of one or multiple machine axes

Basically machine codes are programmed using PLC, so it is very possible that one machine have a different code than the other. Especially when it comes to milling compared to lathe. A same code can means differently according to the machine.
Here is some list of widely used G codes.
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NC technology - M codes

M codes and G codes are defined as a code telling machine what type of action to perform. The M codes specifically points toward controlling which function need to be ON / OFF


Basically machine codes are programmed using PLC, so it is very possible that one machine have a different code than the other. Some of the codes are standardized for ease of use and programming
Here is some list of widely used M codes.
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weldment technology - friction stir welding

Friction-stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process (by definition that the metal is not melted during the process) and is used for applications where the original metal characteristics must remain unchanged as far as possible. This process is primarily used on aluminium, and most often on large pieces which cannot be easily heat treated post weld to recover temper characteristics.

This welding process is relatively easy to tell apart from the usual welding, because unlike other welding that requires a specialized machine, FSW involves a general machine tool such as milling. The keyword for this process is "heat generated by friction"

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solidworks - weldment gap

Just for information for those with no welding-education background, a welding gap is needed, and important. There are several ways to put a welding gap into your design, the easiest one, of course is by cutting your weldment profiles using cut-extrude, more works to do, but it is correct, and will ease your welding assembly.
 There is much much easier way to do this. Actually Solidworks has anticipated your needs of gap, and therefore, equips the command with one extra numerical parameter called G1, unused by default, but can be given number, and the parameter will adjust your design.
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cutting tool technology - tool coating

New workpiece materials are being developed in response to many factors. These include ever-increasing global demand for high performance components, and higher safety standards. Development of these new alloys has always been one of the main drivers of new cutting tool technologies and grades.

Improved properties that allow parts made from these materials to perform better in their intended application also present special challenges for milling tools. Some of the key properties required for milling tools to machine these high-performance work materials include:
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spindle technology - toolholder characteristics

There are three major issues to think about when considering the proper toolholder for a high-precision application: (1) rigidity (2) accuracy (3) balance.

Much has been said in the industry today about the issue of balance, but it is important to consider the combination of all three of these issues when providing the best solution. This involves both of user and machine maker to set-up and maintain a proper quality of the machine, that the work result's quality might be satisfactory
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spindle technology - high-speed spindles and toolholders

When first designing a machine, it's ability must be defined carefully, so that every components are designed, or chosen according to the final requirements. Every machining purpose had its own characteristic, which will affect the whole machine design. The other certain thing is that spindles, related very close to the toolholders, which will hold significant part determining the quality of machining works

A machining job generally divided into two major direction : high-speed machining, or high force machining. Older machines are usually high-forced, given tough characteristic, bulky, stiff, highly capable of high metal removal rates, but usually slower. The newer machines lately grown toward high-speed, compensating low metal removal rates with a very fast feeding, so that the machining time would not differs much. High speed machines are generally more precise, since it is mostly used for contouring, that needed smooth surface as the result.
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