Thursday, July 07, 2011
By
st_fanuc
cutting tools,
machining
End mill is not something you can separate from CNC machining, especially when you're dealing with vertical machining centers (VMC). Basically there are some knowledge that an engineer should know before deciding on a process. A good tool selection will result in a better surface quality and the job might be done faster.
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New workpiece materials are being developed in response to many factors. These include ever-increasing global demand for high performance components, and higher safety standards. Development of these new alloys has always been one of the main drivers of new cutting tool technologies and grades.
Improved properties that allow parts made from these materials to perform better in their intended application also present special challenges for milling tools. Some of the key properties required for milling tools to machine these high-performance work materials include:
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Every machinists use cutting tools to make up a desired shape in a desired dimension, most of us are limited only on using it, but a little study will help to find the best method and tool to work on certain workpiece.
Most of these considerations involve cutting tool geometry :
- Lead angle is the approach angle of the cutting edge as it enters the workpiece. The lead angle controls the direction of the radial cutting force and axial cutting force.
- Rake angle is the incline of the top surface of the cutting edge that makes contact with the chip. The rake controls the degree of cutting forces and cutting edge strength.
- Clearance angle is the angled relief behind the cutting edge that eliminates interference between the cutting tool and the workpiece.
- Cutter diameter is the maximum flat surface a cutter will machine.
- Insert pitch is the distance between corresponding positions on one insert to the same position on the subsequent insert.
- Insert density is the number of inserts, or cutting edges, per inch of diameter.
- Hand of cut determines the cutter rotation direction. Milling cutters are designed to cut clockwise or counterclockwise.
- Mounting adaptation is determine by the type of machine spindle on which the rotating cutter is mounted. The method of mounting is a major factor in determining the rigidity and performance capability of the cutter.
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